Quaternary ammonium saltsenwere ike iji ya n'enweghị nsogbu maka disinfection naaquaculture, mana ekwesịrị itinye nlebara anya na usoro ojiji kwesịrị ekwesị yana itinye uche iji zere mmerụ ahụ n'ime ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri.

1,Gịnị bụ quaternary ammonium nnu
Ammonium nnu nke anọbụ echekwa, bara uru, na ọtụtụ-eji disinfectant na chemical usoro (CnH2n +1) (CH3) 3N + X -, ebe X - nwere ike ịbụ Cl -, Br -, I -, SO42-, wdg Na aqueous ngwọta, ọ na-egosi dị ka a jel ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri na ike ngwa ngwa igbu microorganisms dị ka nje bacteria, nje, dịkwa ka usoro, mmiri siri ike na-emetụta organic okwu.
2,Ụkpụrụ disinfection nkequaternary ammonium salts
Ụkpụrụ disinfection nke quaternary ammonium salts bụ ibibi akpụkpọ ahụ cell na protein nke nje bacteria, na-eme ka ha ghara inwe ike itolite na ịmụ nwa. Mmetụta nsị nke quaternary ammonium salts metụtara ihe ndị dị ka itinye uche, uru pH, oge kọntaktị, na okpomọkụ.
3,Otu esi eji quaternary ammonium salts nke ọma
1. njikwa ntinye uche
Mgbe a na-eji salts ammonium quaternary mee ihe maka nsị na aquaculture, ọ dị mkpa ka a na-achịkwa ntinye ya dịka nha na ike nke mmiri ahụ si dị. N'ozuzu, iji ntinye nke 0.1% -0.2% quaternary ammonium nnu nwere ike imebi nke ọma, ma ọ gaghị agafe 0.5%.
2. Oge kọntaktị
Mgbe ị na-eji quaternary ammonium salts maka disinfection, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na kọntaktị zuru ezu na elu mmiri na mmiri. A na-atụkarị aro ka ị sachapụ ahụ maka nkeji 30 ruo awa 2.
3. njikwa ugboro ugboro
Mgbe ị na-eji quaternary ammonium salts maka mkpochapụ, ọ dịkwa mkpa ịchịkwa ugboro disinfection. Ijibiga ihe ókè nwere ike imebi gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri, na n'ozuzu ekwesịghị ịfe otu ugboro n'izu.
4. Akpachara anya
1. Gbochie iji oke eme ihe
Iji nnu ammonium quaternary eme ihe nke ukwuu nwere ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke amonia nitrogen na nitrogen n'ime mmiri, na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmiri na-ebute nsogbu dị ka ọnwụ nke ihe ndị dị ndụ n'ime mmiri.
2. Zere ịgwakọta ọgwụ ndị ọzọ
E kwesịghị ịgwakọta nnu ammonium nke anọ n'ime ya na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-efe efe, ma ọ bụghị ya, mmeghachi omume kemịkal nwere ike ime, na-ebelata irè disinfection na nwere ike ịmepụta ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ.
3. Lezienụ anya na nchekwa nkeonwe
Ammonium nnu nke anọbụ ihe na-emebi emebi na-adịchaghị emebi, na ekwesịrị iyi uwe aka mgbe ị na-eji ya, na-ezere ịkpọtụrụ anya na ọnụ. Ọ bụrụ n'inweta ma ọ bụ na mberede banye na anya, hichaa ozugbo ma chọọ enyemaka ahụike.
5, Nchekwa nyocha
Agbanyeghịquaternary ammonium saltsA na-eji ọgwụ nje eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, ọ ka dị mkpa ịṅa ntị na usoro ojiji ziri ezi n'oge eji iji zere mmetụta ọjọọ na gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri na ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri.

Nnyocha ndị metụtara ya egosila na n'okpuru ojiji nke itinye uche na ugboro ole disinfection nke ọma, nnu ammonium quaternary nwere obere nsi na-egbu egbu.aquatic ntulena agaghị enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ha.

Ụkpụrụ nke ime quaternary ammonium nnu nketrimethylamine oxide (TMAO)a na-egosipụta nke ọma na njirimara surfactant ya na nkwụsi ike kemịkal:
Ọrụ elu: Thequaternary ammonium nnuỌdịdị na-enye ya ihe onwunwe abụọ nke hydrophilicity na hydrophobicity, nke nwere ike ibelata esemokwu elu nke mmiri mmiri. N'ime ihe nchacha, njirimara a na-enyere aka wepu ntụpọ mmanụ: njedebe hydrophilic na-ejikọta na mmiri, na njedebe hydrophobic na-ejikọta mmanụ, na-eme micelles iji kpuchie unyi.
Nkwụsi ike ihe owuwu: Njikọ oxygen oxygen (N → O) polarity nke quaternary ammonium salts siri ike, nke nwere ike ime ka usoro protein dị n'akụkụ atọ kwụsie ike. N'ime usoro nrụgide osmotic, a na-echebe protein site na denaturation ihe dị ka urea na amonia nitrogen site na mkparịta ụka ụgwọ.
Ngwongwo oxidizing na-adịghị ike: Dị ka oxidant dị nro, ikuku oxygen dị naquaternary ammonium nnuEnwere ike ibufe ihe owuwu ya na ihe ndị ọzọ (dịka mmeghachi omume nke aldehyde) ma belata onwe ya na trimethylamine.

Na nchịkọta,quaternary ammonium saltsenwere ike iji ya mee ihe n'enweghị nsogbu maka nsị na aquaculture, mana ekwesịrị itinye nlebara anya iji dozie ụzọ ojiji na mkpokọta iji zere mmerụ ahụ n'ime ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri.