Betaine (karịsịa glycine betaine), dị ka ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe ọkụkụ, nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ịkwalite nkwụsi ike nke ihe ọkụkụ (dịka nkwụsị nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, nkwụsị nnu, na nkwụsị oyi). Banyere ngwa ya na mgbochi mgbochi mkpụrụ osisi, nyocha na omume egosila na o nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ, ọkachasị site n'ịchịkwa usoro usoro ọmụmụ ihe ọkụkụ iji belata mbelata mkpụrụ osisi.

Isi usoro nke betain na-egbochi ịkụ mkpụrụ osisi:
1. Mmetụta nchịkwa Osmotic
Betaine bụ ihe dị mkpa na-achịkwa osmotic na sel osisi nke na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe nguzozi osmotic. N'ime oge mgbasawanye mkpụrụ osisi ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụ mgbe ị na-ahụ mgbanwe dị egwu na ọdịnaya mmiri (dị ka nnukwu mmiri ozuzo na mberede mgbe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo gasịrị), betaine nwere ike ime ka nrụgide cell osmotic guzosie ike, belata ndakọrịta n'etiti ọnụego mgbasawanye nke mkpụrụ osisi pulp na mmụba akpụkpọ anụ nke na-ebute mmiri ngwa ngwa, ma si otú ahụ belata ihe ize ndụ nke ịkụ mkpụrụ osisi.
2. Mee ka nkwụsi ike nke cell membrane
Betaine nwere ike ichebe nguzobe na arụ ọrụ nke membranes cell, belata mmebi nke akpụkpọ ahụ cell nke ahụhụ na-akpata (dị ka okpomọkụ dị elu na ụkọ mmiri ozuzo), welie ike na ike nke peels mkpụrụ osisi, ma mee ka mkpụrụ osisi na-enwe ike iguzogide mgbanwe nrụgide dị n'ime.
3. Nchebe antioxidant
A na-ejikọtakarị mgbawa mkpụrụ osisi na nrụgide oxidative. Betaine nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ nke enzymes antioxidant (dị ka SOD, POD, CAT) na osisi, wepụ oke ikuku oxygen (ROS), belata mmebi oxidative cell, ma nọgide na-ahụ ike nke mkpụrụ ndụ bee mkpụrụ.
4. Kwalite nnabata calcium na njem
Calcium bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke mgbidi cell na peels mkpụrụ osisi, na ụkọ calcium nwere ike iduga n'ọkpụkpụ mkpụrụ osisi na-esighị ike. Betaine nwere ike imeziwanye ikike nke mkpụrụ ndụ sel, kwalite mbufe na mkpokọta ion calcium na bee mkpụrụ osisi, ma welie ike nke bee mkpụrụ osisi.
5. Usoro nguzozi nke homonụ
Na-apụtaghị ìhè na-emetụta njikọ na mgbaàmà transduction nke endogenous homonụ (dị ka ABA na ethylene) na osisi, na-egbu oge na ịka nká usoro nke mkpụrụ osisi peels, na ịnọgide na-enwe ibu ọrụ nke mkpụrụ osisi peels.

Mmetụta ngwa n'ezie:
1. Ọdabara ihe ubi:

A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ubi mkpụrụ osisi ndị na-agbawa ngwa ngwa dị ka mkpụrụ vaịn, cherị, tomato, citrus, na ụbọchị, karịsịa na ụdị mmiri dị iche iche dị ka Sunshine Rose grape na cherị.
2. Mmetụta mgbochi mgbawa:
Nnwale ubi egosila na ngwa foliar nke betaine (0.1% ~ 0.3% itinye uche) nwere ike ibelata ọnụọgụ mkpụrụ osisi site na 20% ~ 40%, yana nsonaazụ dị iche iche dabere na ụdị ihe ọkụkụ, ihu igwe, na usoro njikwa.
Mgbe ejiri ya na fatịlaịza calcium (dị ka calcium mmanya na-aba n'anya na calcium amino acid), mmetụta ahụ ka mma, na-eme ka nchebe abụọ nke "usoro iwu permeation+ewusi ike".

Atụmatụ ojiji:
Oge ntinye isi: fesa ugboro 2-3 kwa ụbọchị 7-10 site na mmalite nke nrị mkpụrụ ruo n'oge mgbanwe agba.
Mgbochi tupu nsogbu:

fesa ụbọchị 3 ~ 5 tupu oke mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ oke ọkọchị na-aga n'ihu na-ebu amụma iji kwalite ikike iguzogide ahụhụ.

Ntụnye akwadoro maka ịgbasa foliar: 0.1% ~ 0.3% (ya bụ 1-3 grams / liter mmiri) iji zere nrụgide nnu na akwụkwọ nke nnukwu itinye uche na-akpata.
Mgbọrọgwụ ogbugba mmiri n'ubi: 0.05% ~ 0.1%, mekọrịta ya na njikwa mmiri.
Atụmatụ ngwakọta:
Betaine+calcium fatịlaịza (dị ka calcium mmanya na-aba n'anya): na-eme ka anụ ahụ sie ike.
Betaine+ boron fatịlaịza: na-akwalite mmịnye calcium ma na-ebelata nsogbu anụ ahụ.
Betaine+ wepụ ahịhịa mmiri: synergistically na-akwalite nguzogide nrụgide.

Ihe ndị chọrọ nlebara anya:
Ijikwa mmiri bụ ntọala:Betain enweghị ike dochie ogbugba mmiri n'ubi sayensị! Ọ dị mkpa idowe mmiri nke ala kwụsiri ike (dị ka ịtinye ihe nkiri plastik, ịgba mmiri na-agba mmiri) ma zere mgbanwe mmiri akọrọ ngwa ngwa.
Nhazi nri:Gbaa mbọ hụ na a na-enweta potassium, calcium, boron na ihe ndị ọzọ, ma zere itinye fatịlaịza nitrogen n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma.
Ndakọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi: Betaine adịghị egbu egbu n'ezie, ọ dịkwa mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi na mkpụrụ osisi, dịkwa mma maka usoro ihe ọkụkụ ndụ ndụ.

Nchịkọta:
Betaine na-akwalite nkwụsi ike nke mkpụrụ osisi site n'ọtụtụ ụzọ dị ka nhazi osmotic, nkwụsi ike akpụkpọ ahụ, ọrụ antioxidant, na nkwalite mmịnye calcium. Dị ka ihe inyeaka, ọ dị mkpa ijikọta usoro zuru oke dị ka njikwa mmiri na nhazi ihe oriri iji belata ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpụrụ osisi.

N'ime ngwa bara uru, a na-atụ aro ka ị fesa ịta ahụhụ dị ala ọtụtụ oge n'oge oge ọzịza nke mkpụrụ osisi, na-ebute ụzọ nchikota na calcium na boron fatịlaịza iji nweta mmetụta mgbochi mgbape kacha mma.